Which type of defensive operation focuses on denying enemy forces access to terrain?

The type of defensive operation that focuses on denying enemy forces access to terrain is indeed area defense. In an area defense, the primary objective is to create a strong defensive position that protects specific terrain and resources while denying the enemy the ability to penetrate that area. This is accomplished through the establishment of fortified positions, the prioritization of key terrain features, and the organization of forces to engage the enemy effectively as they attempt to advance.

Area defense leverages the terrain to channel the enemy into kill zones or specific engagement areas, allowing defending forces to maximize their defensive capabilities. It also emphasizes the use of reconnaissance and surveillance to monitor enemy movement, ensuring that enemy advances can be detected and countered promptly.

The other operations listed do not inherently prioritize denying access to terrain in the same focused manner. Mobile defense, for example, emphasizes a flexible response to enemy actions by maneuvering forces, while static defense concentrates on holding fixed positions without the broader focus on specific terrain denial. Perimeter defense, on the other hand, may involve securing the perimeter but does not encapsulate a comprehensive strategy focused on controlling and denying specific terrain features like area defense does.